Papers

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The following are the latest papers (sorted by release date) on prompt engineering. We update this on a daily basis and new papers come in. We incorporate summaries of these papers to the guides above every week.

Overviews

• One Small Step for Generative AI, One Giant Leap for AGI: A Complete Survey on ChatGPT in AIGC Era (opens in a new tab) (April 2023)

• A Bibliometric Review of Large Language Models Research from 2017 to 2023 (opens in a new tab) (April 2023)

• A Survey of Large Language Models (opens in a new tab) (April 2023)

• Nature Language Reasoning, A Survey (opens in a new tab) (Mar 2023)

• Augmented Language Models: a Survey (opens in a new tab) (Feb 2023)

• A Survey for In-context Learning (opens in a new tab) (Dec 2022)

• Towards Reasoning in Large Language Models: A Survey (opens in a new tab) (Dec 2022)

• Reasoning with Language Model Prompting: A Survey (opens in a new tab) (Dec 2022)

• Emergent Abilities of Large Language Models (opens in a new tab) (Jun 2022)

• A Taxonomy of Prompt Modifiers for Text-To-Image Generation (opens in a new tab) (Apr 2022)

• Pre-train, Prompt, and Predict: A Systematic Survey of Prompting Methods in Natural Language Processing (opens in a new tab) (Jul 2021)

Approaches

• Boosted Prompt Ensembles for Large Language Models (opens in a new tab) (April 2023)

• Global Prompt Cell: A Portable Control Module for Effective Prompt (opens in a new tab) (April 2023)

• Why think step-by-step? Reasoning emerges from the locality of experience (opens in a new tab) (April 2023)

• Revisiting Automated Prompting: Are We Actually Doing Better? (opens in a new tab) (April 2023)

• REFINER: Reasoning Feedback on Intermediate Representations (opens in a new tab) (April 2023)

• Reflexion: an autonomous agent with dynamic memory and self-reflection (opens in a new tab) (March 2023)

• CAMEL: Communicative Agents for "Mind" Exploration of Large Scale Language Model Society (opens in a new tab) (Mar 2023)

• Self-Refine: Iterative Refinement with Self-Feedback (opens in a new tab) (Mar 2023)

• kNN Prompting: Beyond-Context Learning with Calibration-Free Nearest Neighbor Inference (opens in a new tab) (Mar 2023)

• Visual-Language Prompt Tuning with Knowledge-guided Context Optimization (opens in a new tab) (Mar 2023)

• Fairness-guided Few-shot Prompting for Large Language Models (opens in a new tab) (Mar 2023)

• Context-faithful Prompting for Large Language Models (opens in a new tab) (Mar 2023)

• Is Prompt All You Need? No. A Comprehensive and Broader View of Instruction Learning (opens in a new tab) (Mar 2023)

• UPRISE: Universal Prompt Retrieval for Improving Zero-Shot Evaluation (opens in a new tab) (Mar 2023)

• Model-tuning Via Prompts Makes NLP Models Adversarially Robust (opens in a new tab) (Mar 2023)

• Structure Pretraining and Prompt Tuning for Knowledge Graph Transfer (opens in a new tab) (March 2023)

• CoTEVer: Chain of Thought Prompting Annotation Toolkit for Explanation Verification (opens in a new tab) (March 2023)

• Larger language models do in-context learning differently (opens in a new tab) (March 2023)

• OpenICL: An Open-Source Framework for In-context Learning (opens in a new tab) (March 2023)

• Dynamic Prompting: A Unified Framework for Prompt Tuning (opens in a new tab) (March 2023)

• Multitask Prompt Tuning Enables Parameter-Efficient Transfer Learning (opens in a new tab) (March 2023)

• Effectiveness of Data Augmentation for Prefix Tuning with Limited Data (opens in a new tab) (March 2023)

• Mixture of Soft Prompts for Controllable Data Generation (opens in a new tab) (March 2023)

• Prompt, Generate, then Cache: Cascade of Foundation Models makes Strong Few-shot Learners (opens in a new tab) (March 2023)

• How Robust is GPT-3.5 to Predecessors? A Comprehensive Study on Language Understanding Tasks (opens in a new tab) (March 2023)

• Can ChatGPT Understand Too? A Comparative Study on ChatGPT and Fine-tuned BERT (opens in a new tab) (Feb 2023)

• EvoPrompting: Language Models for Code-Level Neural Architecture Search (opens in a new tab) (Feb 2023)

• In-Context Instruction Learning (opens in a new tab) (Feb 2023)

• Chain of Hindsight Aligns Language Models with Feedback (opens in a new tab) (Feb 2023)

• Language Is Not All You Need: Aligning Perception with Language Models (opens in a new tab) (Feb 2023)

• Automatic Prompt Augmentation and Selection with Chain-of-Thought from Labeled Data (opens in a new tab) (Feb 2023)

• Active Prompting with Chain-of-Thought for Large Language Models (opens in a new tab) (Feb 2023)

• More than you've asked for: A Comprehensive Analysis of Novel Prompt Injection Threats to Application-Integrated Large Language Models (opens in a new tab) (Feb 2023)

• A Prompt Pattern Catalog to Enhance Prompt Engineering with ChatGPT (opens in a new tab) (Feb 2023)

• Guiding Large Language Models via Directional Stimulus Prompting (opens in a new tab) (Feb 2023)

• How Does In-Context Learning Help Prompt Tuning? (opens in a new tab) (Feb 2023)

• Scalable Prompt Generation for Semi-supervised Learning with Language Models (opens in a new tab) (Feb 2023)

• Bounding the Capabilities of Large Language Models in Open Text Generation with Prompt Constraints (opens in a new tab) (Feb 2023)

• À-la-carte Prompt Tuning (APT): Combining Distinct Data Via Composable Prompting (opens in a new tab) (Feb 2023)

• GraphPrompt: Unifying Pre-Training and Downstream Tasks for Graph Neural Networks (opens in a new tab) (Feb 2023)

• The Capacity for Moral Self-Correction in Large Language Models (opens in a new tab) (Feb 2023)

• SwitchPrompt: Learning Domain-Specific Gated Soft Prompts for Classification in Low-Resource Domains (opens in a new tab) (Feb 2023)

• Evaluating the Robustness of Discrete Prompts (opens in a new tab) (Feb 2023)

• Compositional Exemplars for In-context Learning (opens in a new tab) (Feb 2023)

• Hard Prompts Made Easy: Gradient-Based Discrete Optimization for Prompt Tuning and Discovery (opens in a new tab) (Feb 2023)

• Multimodal Chain-of-Thought Reasoning in Language Models (opens in a new tab) (Feb 2023)

• Large Language Models Can Be Easily Distracted by Irrelevant Context (opens in a new tab) (Feb 2023)

• Synthetic Prompting: Generating Chain-of-Thought Demonstrations for Large Language Models (opens in a new tab) (Feb 2023)

• Progressive Prompts: Continual Learning for Language Models (opens in a new tab) (Jan 2023)

• Batch Prompting: Efficient Inference with LLM APIs (opens in a new tab) (Jan 2023)

• Demonstrate-Search-Predict: Composing retrieval and language models for knowledge-intensive NLP (opens in a new tab) (Dec 2022)

• On Second Thought, Let's Not Think Step by Step! Bias and Toxicity in Zero-Shot Reasoning (opens in a new tab) (Dec 2022)

• Constitutional AI: Harmlessness from AI Feedback (opens in a new tab) (Dec 2022)

• Successive Prompting for Decomposing Complex Questions (opens in a new tab) (Dec 2022)

• Large Language Models are reasoners with Self-Verification (opens in a new tab) (Dec 2022)

• Discovering Language Model Behaviors with Model-Written Evaluations (opens in a new tab) (Dec 2022)

• Structured Prompting: Scaling In-Context Learning to 1,000 Examples (opens in a new tab) (Dec 2022)

• PAL: Program-aided Language Models (opens in a new tab) (Nov 2022)

• Large Language Models Are Human-Level Prompt Engineers (opens in a new tab) (Nov 2022)

• Ignore Previous Prompt: Attack Techniques For Language Models (opens in a new tab) (Nov 2022)

• Machine Generated Text: A Comprehensive Survey of Threat Models and Detection Methods (opens in a new tab) (Nov 2022)

• Teaching Algorithmic Reasoning via In-context Learning (opens in a new tab) (Nov 2022)

• Enhancing Self-Consistency and Performance of Pre-Trained Language Models through Natural Language Inference (opens in a new tab) (Nov 2022)

• Ask Me Anything: A simple strategy for prompting language models (opens in a new tab) (Oct 2022)

• Recitation-Augmented Language Models (opens in a new tab) (Oct 2022)

• ReAct: Synergizing Reasoning and Acting in Language Models (opens in a new tab) (Oct 2022)

• Prompting GPT-3 To Be Reliable (opens in a new tab) (Oct 2022)

• Decomposed Prompting: A Modular Approach for Solving Complex Tasks (opens in a new tab) (Oct 2022)

• Language Models Are Greedy Reasoners: A Systematic Formal Analysis of Chain-of-Thought (opens in a new tab) (Oct 2022)

• Evaluating the Susceptibility of Pre-Trained Language Models via Handcrafted Adversarial Examples (opens in a new tab) (Sep 2022)

• Dynamic Prompt Learning via Policy Gradient for Semi-structured Mathematical Reasoning (opens in a new tab) (Sep 2022)

• Promptagator: Few-shot Dense Retrieval From 8 Examples (opens in a new tab) (Sep 2022)

• Atlas: Few-shot Learning with Retrieval Augmented Language Models (opens in a new tab) (Nov 2022)

• DocPrompting: Generating Code by Retrieving the Docs (opens in a new tab) (July 2022)

• On the Advance of Making Language Models Better Reasoners (opens in a new tab) (June 2022)

• Large Language Models are Zero-Shot Reasoners (opens in a new tab) (May 2022)

• Maieutic Prompting: Logically Consistent Reasoning with Recursive Explanations (opens in a new tab) (May 2022)

• MRKL Systems: A modular, neuro-symbolic architecture that combines large language models, external knowledge sources and discrete reasoning (opens in a new tab) (May 2022)

• PPT: Pre-trained Prompt Tuning for Few-shot Learning (opens in a new tab) (Mqy 2022)

• Toxicity Detection with Generative Prompt-based Inference (opens in a new tab) (May 2022)

• Learning to Transfer Prompts for Text Generation (opens in a new tab) (May 2022)

• The Unreliability of Explanations in Few-shot Prompting for Textual Reasoning (opens in a new tab) (May 2022)

• A Taxonomy of Prompt Modifiers for Text-To-Image Generation (opens in a new tab) (Apr 2022)

• PromptChainer: Chaining Large Language Model Prompts through Visual Programming (opens in a new tab) (Mar 2022)

• Self-Consistency Improves Chain of Thought Reasoning in Language Models (opens in a new tab) (March 2022)

• Training language models to follow instructions with human feedback (opens in a new tab)

• Rethinking the Role of Demonstrations: What Makes In-Context Learning Work? (opens in a new tab) (Feb 2022)

• Chain of Thought Prompting Elicits Reasoning in Large Language Models (opens in a new tab) (Jan 2022)

• Show Your Work: Scratchpads for Intermediate Computation with Language Models (opens in a new tab) (Nov 2021)

• AI Chains: Transparent and Controllable Human-AI Interaction by Chaining Large Language Model Prompts (opens in a new tab) (Oct 2021)

• Generated Knowledge Prompting for Commonsense Reasoning (opens in a new tab) (Oct 2021)

• Multitask Prompted Training Enables Zero-Shot Task Generalization (opens in a new tab) (Oct 2021)

• Reframing Instructional Prompts to GPTk's Language (opens in a new tab) (Sep 2021)

• Design Guidelines for Prompt Engineering Text-to-Image Generative Models (opens in a new tab) (Sep 2021)

• Making Pre-trained Language Models Better Few-shot Learners (opens in a new tab) (Aug 2021)

• Fantastically Ordered Prompts and Where to Find Them: Overcoming Few-Shot Prompt Order Sensitivity (opens in a new tab) (April 2021)

• BERTese: Learning to Speak to BERT (opens in a new tab) (April 2021)

• The Power of Scale for Parameter-Efficient Prompt Tuning (opens in a new tab) (April 2021)

• Prompt Programming for Large Language Models: Beyond the Few-Shot Paradigm (opens in a new tab) (Feb 2021)

• Calibrate Before Use: Improving Few-Shot Performance of Language Models (opens in a new tab) (Feb 2021)

• Prefix-Tuning: Optimizing Continuous Prompts for Generation (opens in a new tab) (Jan 2021)

• Learning to Generate Task-Specific Adapters from Task Description (opens in a new tab) (Jan 2021)

• Making Pre-trained Language Models Better Few-shot Learners (opens in a new tab) (Dec 2020)

• Learning from Task Descriptions (opens in a new tab) (Nov 2020)

• AutoPrompt: Eliciting Knowledge from Language Models with Automatically Generated Prompts (opens in a new tab) (Oct 2020)

• Language Models are Few-Shot Learners (opens in a new tab) (May 2020)

• How Can We Know What Language Models Know? (opens in a new tab) (July 2020)

• Scaling Laws for Neural Language Models (opens in a new tab) (Jan 2020)

Applications

• Are LLMs All You Need for Task-Oriented Dialogue? (opens in a new tab) (April 2023)
• HiPrompt: Few-Shot Biomedical Knowledge Fusion via Hierarchy-Oriented Prompting (opens in a new tab) (April 2023)
• Approximating Human Evaluation of Social Chatbots with Prompting (opens in a new tab) (April 2023)
• Automated Reading Passage Generation with OpenAI's Large Language Model (opens in a new tab) (April 2023)
• WebBrain: Learning to Generate Factually Correct Articles for Queries by Grounding on Large Web Corpus (opens in a new tab) (April 2023)
• Prompt Pre-Training with Twenty-Thousand Classes for Open-Vocabulary Visual Recognition (opens in a new tab) (April 2023)
• GPT detectors are biased against non-native English writers (opens in a new tab) (April 2023)
• Zero-Shot Next-Item Recommendation using Large Pretrained Language Models (opens in a new tab) (April 2023)
• Large Language Models as Master Key: Unlocking the Secrets of Materials Science with GPT (opens in a new tab) (April 2023)
• Efficiently Aligned Cross-Lingual Transfer Learning for Conversational Tasks using Prompt-Tuning (opens in a new tab) (April 2023)
• Better Language Models of Code through Self-Improvement (opens in a new tab) (April 2023)
• PromptORE -- A Novel Approach Towards Fully Unsupervised Relation Extraction (opens in a new tab) (April)
• Assessing Language Model Deployment with Risk Cards (April 2023)

• Enhancing Large Language Models with Climate Resources (opens in a new tab) (March 2023)
• BloombergGPT: A Large Language Model for Finance (opens in a new tab) (March 2023)
• Medical Intervention Duration Estimation Using Language-enhanced Transformer Encoder with Medical Prompts (opens in a new tab) (March 2023)
• Soft-prompt tuning to predict lung cancer using primary care free-text Dutch medical notes (opens in a new tab) (March 2023)
• TaskMatrix.AI: Completing Tasks by Connecting Foundation Models with Millions of APIs (opens in a new tab) (March 2023)
• Larger Probes Tell a Different Story: Extending Psycholinguistic Datasets Via In-Context Learning (opens in a new tab) (March 2023)
• Linguistically Informed ChatGPT Prompts to Enhance Japanese-Chinese Machine Translation: A Case Study on Attributive Clauses (opens in a new tab) (March 2023)
• Knowledge-augmented Frame Semantic Parsing with Hybrid Prompt-tuning (opens in a new tab) (March 2023)
• Debiasing Scores and Prompts of 2D Diffusion for Robust Text-to-3D Generation (opens in a new tab) (March 2023)
• Zero-shot Model Diagnosis (opens in a new tab) (March 2023)
• Prompting Large Language Models to Generate Code-Mixed Texts: The Case of South East Asian Languages (opens in a new tab) (March 2023)
• SPeC: A Soft Prompt-Based Calibration on Mitigating Performance Variability in Clinical Notes Summarization (opens in a new tab) (March 2023)
• Large Language Models and Simple, Stupid Bugs (opens in a new tab) (March 2023)
• Can Generative Pre-trained Transformers (GPT) Pass Assessments in Higher Education Programming Courses? (opens in a new tab) (Mar 2023)
• SelfCheckGPT: Zero-Resource Black-Box Hallucination Detection for Generative Large Language Models (opens in a new tab) (Mar 2023)
• Large Language Models in the Workplace: A Case Study on Prompt Engineering for Job Type Classification (opens in a new tab) (March 2023)
• ICL-D3IE: In-Context Learning with Diverse Demonstrations Updating for Document Information Extraction (opens in a new tab) (March 2023)
• MathPrompter: Mathematical Reasoning using Large Language Models (opens in a new tab) (March 2023)
• Prompt-Based Learning for Thread Structure Prediction in Cybersecurity Forums (opens in a new tab) (March 2023)
• Choice Over Control: How Users Write with Large Language Models using Diegetic and Non-Diegetic Prompting (opens in a new tab) (March 2023)
• Prompting Large Language Models with Answer Heuristics for Knowledge-based Visual Question Answering (opens in a new tab) (March 2023)
• Soft Prompt Guided Joint Learning for Cross-Domain Sentiment Analysis (opens in a new tab) (March 2023)
• SpeechPrompt v2: Prompt Tuning for Speech Classification Tasks (opens in a new tab) (March 2023)
• Goal Driven Discovery of Distributional Differences via Language Descriptions (opens in a new tab) (Feb 2023)
• Navigating the Grey Area: Expressions of Overconfidence and Uncertainty in Language Models (opens in a new tab) (Feb 2023)
• TabGenie: A Toolkit for Table-to-Text Generation (opens in a new tab) (Feb 2023)
• SGL-PT: A Strong Graph Learner with Graph Prompt Tuning (opens in a new tab) (Feb 2023)
• Few-Shot Table-to-Text Generation with Prompt-based Adapter (opens in a new tab) (Feb 2023)
• Language Models Are Few-shot Learners for Prognostic Prediction (opens in a new tab) (Feb 2023)
• STA: Self-controlled Text Augmentation for Improving Text Classifications (opens in a new tab) (Feb 2023)
• Check Your Facts and Try Again: Improving Large Language Models with External Knowledge and Automated Feedback (opens in a new tab) (Feb 2023)
• How Generative AI models such as ChatGPT can be (Mis)Used in SPC Practice, Education, and Research? An Exploratory Study (opens in a new tab) (Feb 2023)
• Grimm in Wonderland: Prompt Engineering with Midjourney to Illustrate Fairytales (opens in a new tab) (Feb 2023)
• LabelPrompt: Effective Prompt-based Learning for Relation Classification (opens in a new tab) (Feb 2023)
• Language Model Crossover: Variation through Few-Shot Prompting (opens in a new tab) (Feb 2023)
• Prompt Tuning of Deep Neural Networks for Speaker-adaptive Visual Speech Recognition (opens in a new tab) (Feb 2023)
• The Capacity for Moral Self-Correction in Large Language Models (opens in a new tab) (Feb 2023)
• Prompting for Multimodal Hateful Meme Classification (opens in a new tab) (Feb 2023)
• PLACES: Prompting Language Models for Social Conversation Synthesis (opens in a new tab) (Feb 2023)
• Commonsense-Aware Prompting for Controllable Empathetic Dialogue Generation (opens in a new tab) (Feb 2023)
• Crawling the Internal Knowledge-Base of Language Models (opens in a new tab) (Jan 2023)
• Legal Prompt Engineering for Multilingual Legal Judgement Prediction (opens in a new tab) (Dec 2022)
• Investigating Prompt Engineering in Diffusion Models (opens in a new tab) (Nov 2022)
• Learn to Explain: Multimodal Reasoning via Thought Chains for Science Question Answering (opens in a new tab) (Sep 2022)
• Conversing with Copilot: Exploring Prompt Engineering for Solving CS1 Problems Using Natural Language (opens in a new tab) (Oct 2022)
• Piloting Copilot and Codex: Hot Temperature, Cold Prompts, or Black Magic? (opens in a new tab) (Oct 2022)
• Plot Writing From Scratch Pre-Trained Language Models (opens in a new tab) (July 2022)
• Survey of Hallucination in Natural Language Generation (opens in a new tab) (Feb 2022)

Collections

• Chain-of-Thought Papers (opens in a new tab)
• Papers with Code (opens in a new tab)
• Prompt Papers (opens in a new tab)

Last updated on April 16, 2023

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